Interés en investigación y producción científica de estudiantes de medicina

Introducción: El interés en investigación y la producción científica en educación terciaria se encuentran en constante evolución, pero aún se necesitan mejoras y resolución de limitaciones para que la producción científica no se concentre en el ámbito de postgrado, sino que inicie su ascenso desde el pregrado. Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de interés en investigación y de producción científica de estudiantes de medicina. Material y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 177 estudiantes de medicina y los datos se recolectaron mediante formularios electrónicos, que contaban con 25 preguntas enfocadas en formación básica e interés en investigación y producción científica. Los datos fueron procesados en el software STATA 14.0. Se utilizaron pruebas Kolmogorov-Smirnov, χ 2 y Wilcoxon, considerando significativos valores de p<0,05. Resultados: Se registraron respuestas de 177 estudiantes de los 6 años de la carrera de medicina, sexo femenino 66,7%, edad promedio 22,2 (1,96) años, procedencia 90% del Departamento de Caaguazú. El 83,1% lee artículos científicos, 80,8% tiene interés en publicar su tesis, 92% tiene interés en dedicarse a la investigación cuando sea profesional, 33,9% ha presentado posters científicos, 7,3% ha hecho presentaciones orales en un congreso y 17,5% ha publicado artículos científicos. Conclusiones: Se evidenció un alto interés en investigación, en discrepancia con las bajas cifras de producción científica. Por ende, se recomienda tomar medidas para fortalecer las aptitudes de los estudiantes en temas de investigación y aumentar la producción científica del cuerpo estudiantil.

Introduction: Interest in research and scientific production in tertiary education are constantly evolving, but improvements and resolution of limitations are still needed so that scientific production is not concentrated in the postgraduate field but begins its ascent from the undergraduate level. Objective: Evaluate the level of interest in research and scientific production of medical students. Material and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 177 medical students and the data were collected through an electronic form, which had 25 questions focused on basic training and interest in research and scientific production. The data were processed in the STATA 14.0 software. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, χ2 and Wilcoxon tests were used, considering significant values of p<0.05. Results: Responses were recorded from 177 students of the 6 years of the medical career, 66.7% female, average age 22.2 (1.96) years, 90% from the department of Caaguazú. 83.1% read scientific articles, 80.8% are interested in publishing their thesis, 92% are interested in dedicating themselves to research when they are professionals, 33.9% have presented scientific posters, 7.3% have made oral presentations at a congress and 17.5% have published scientific articles. Conclusions: There was evidence of a high interest in research, in discrepancy with the low figures of scientific production. Therefore, it is recommended to take measures to strengthen students' skills in research topics and increase the scientific output of the student body.

Análise textual de temáticas presentes em artigos sobre Saúde Coletiva publicados em um periódico da área de Fonoaudiologia / Textual analysis of topics addressed in articles on Collective Health published in a speech-language-hearing journal / Análisis textual de temas presentes en artículos sobre Salud Colectiva publicados en revista del área de Logopedia

Introdução: Políticas públicas implementadas para a consolidação do SUS forneceram condições concretas para a ampliação e ressignificação da atuação dos profissionais de saúde. Objetivo: Este estudo analisa as principais temáticas abordadas em pesquisas relacionadas à atuação da Fonoaudiologia no campo da Saúde Coletiva, a partir das publicações de um periódico da área, no período de cinco anos. Método: Trata-se de um estudo com abordagem qualitativa, de caráter descritivo e interpretativo, cujos dados foram coletados e organizados pela classificação hierárquica descendente do software IRaMuTeQ®, submetidos à análise lexical e discutidos à luz de políticas e estudos relacionados à área da Saúde Coletiva. Resultados: Inicialmente, foram registrados 50 artigos (entre 2016-2020), que totalizaram 314 segmentos de texto, com 1.1232 ocorrências, classificadas em quatro classes denominadas: Descrição de variáveis presentes nos estudos transversais/epidemiológicos (41,3%); Cenários de práticas fonoaudiológicas e políticas públicas voltadas à promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos (28,2%); Novas demandas e contextos de atuação fonoaudiológica: estrutura e organização de serviços do SUS (17,0%); e Desafios da formação do fonoaudiólogo (13,5). Conclusão: a utilização do software para o processamento de dados qualitativos sobre pesquisa na área da Fonoaudiologia no campo da Saúde Coletiva propiciou a identificação de classes(,) que apontaram características da população estudada(,) e cenários de práticas deste campo, com destaque a ações voltadas à promoção da saúde e à prevenção de agravos à saúde, e ressaltou a importância de reflexões sobre a formação do fonoaudiólogo para a atenção integral à saúde e enfrentamento de problemas contemporâneos como a violência. (AU)

Introduction: Public policies implemented for the consolidation of the SUS provided concrete conditions for expanding and redefining the role of health professionals. Objective: This study analyzes the main themes addressed in research related to the performance of Speech Therapy in the field of Collective Health, based on publications in a journal in the area, over a period of five years. Method: This is a study with a qualitative approach, with a descriptive and interpretative character, whose data were collected and organized by the descending hierarchical classification of the IRaMuTeQ® software, submitted to lexical analysis and discussed in the light of policies and studies related to Collective Health. Results: Initially, 50 articles were registered (between 2016-2020), which totaled 314 text segments, with 1,1232 occurrences, classified into four classes called: Description of variables present in cross-sectional/epidemiological studies (41.3%); Scenarios of speech therapy practices and public policies aimed at health promotion and disease prevention (28.2%); New demands and contexts for speech therapy: structure and organization of SUS services (17.0%); and Challenges of speech therapist training (13.5). Conclusion: the use of software for processing qualitative data on research in the area of Speech Therapy in the field of Collective Health led to the identification of classes, which pointed out characteristics of the population studied, scenarios of practices in this field, with emphasis on actions aimed at promoting health and the prevention of health problems and emphasized the importance of reflections on the training of speech therapists for comprehensive health care and coping with contemporary problems such as violence. (AU)

Introducción: Las políticas públicas implementadas para la consolidación del SUS proporcionaron condiciones concretas para ampliar y redefinir el papel de los profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: Este estudio analiza los principales temas abordados en investigaciones relacionadas con la actuación de la Logopedia en el campo de la Salud Colectiva, a partir de publicaciones en un periódico del área, en un período de cinco años. Método: Se trata de un estudio con abordaje cualitativo, de carácter descriptivo e interpretativo, cuyos datos fueron recolectados y organizados por la clasificación jerárquica descendente del software IRaMuTeQ®, sometidos a análisis léxico y discutidos a la luz de políticas y estudios relacionados con el Colectivo del Área de la Salud. Resultados: Inicialmente se registraron 50 artículos (entre 2016-2020), que totalizaron 314 segmentos de texto, con 1.232 ocurrencias, clasificados en cuatro clases denominadas: Descripción de variables presentes en estudios transversales/epidemiológicos (41,3%); Escenarios de prácticas logopédicas y políticas públicas dirigidas a la promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades (28,2%); Nuevas demandas y contextos para la logopedia: estructura y organización de los servicios del SUS (17,0%); y Desafíos de la formación de logopedas (13.5). Conclusión: el uso de software para el procesamiento de datos cualitativos sobre investigaciones en el área de Logopedia en el campo de la Salud Colectiva permitió la identificación de clases, que señalaron características de la población estudiada, escenarios de prácticas en este campo, con énfasis en las acciones dirigidas a la promoción de la salud y la prevención de los problemas de salud y destacó la importancia de las reflexiones sobre la formación de logopedas para la atención integral de la salud y el enfrentamiento de problemas contemporáneos como la violencia. (AU)

Ciclos de vida: análise das publicações na revista Distúrbios da Comunicação no período de 2016 a 2020 / Life cycles: analysis of publications in Communication Disorders Journal from 2016 to 2020 / Ciclos de vida: análisis de las publicaciones en la revista Disturbios de la Comunicación de 2016 a 2020

Introdução: ciclo de vida é atualmente considerado elemento essencial à formulação e implantação de políticas públicas pautadas no cuidado integral à saúde. Objetivo: analisar a produção científica da Revista Distúrbios da Comunicação no período de 2016 a 2020, tendo como objeto de discussão as publicações da área da Fonoaudiologia por ciclos de vida. Método: estudo retrospectivo, de abordagem metodológica bibliométrica, analisou 297 artigos considerando as seguintes variáveis: ano de publicação, registro da região geográfica (do primeiro autor), descritores, áreas temáticas, tipo de estudo e tamanho da amostra, segundo faixas etárias (0-6; 7-11; 12-18;19-59 e >60). A análise dos dados foi descritiva, numérica e percentual. Resultados: dos 297, estudos, 258 fizeram referência a uma ou mais faixas etárias e 39 não mencionaram qualquer idade. Dentre os 258, os estudos mais frequentes foram de criança (138; 46,2%), seguido pelos de adultos (122; 41,1%). A amostra variou quanto à mediana entre 27 (adulto) a 38 (crianças: 0-6 anos) sujeitos. A região Sudeste registrou maior número de artigos relacionados a todos os ciclos, assim como os estudos do tipo observacional, com destaque para os realizados com adultos (98; 33,9%). Pouca menção foi feita a descritores que identificam os ciclos de vida (75; 6%), sendo idoso (25; 38%) e criança (23; 35%) os mais registrados. Conclusão: os dados evidenciam a premência de alinhamento das pesquisas às políticas públicas de saúde, bem como ressalta a importância do uso de descritores adequados para maior circulação do conhecimento produzido pela área. (AU)

Introduction: life cycle is currently considered an essential element for the formulation and implementation of public policies based on comprehensive health care. Objective: to analyze the scientific production of Communication Disorders Journal from 2016 to 2020, having as an object of discussion publications in the field of Speech Therapy by life cycles. Method: a retrospective study, with a bibliometric methodological approach, analyzed 297 articles considering the following variables: year of publication, registration of the geographic region (of the first author), descriptors, thematic areas, type of study and sample size, according to age groups (0 -6; 7-11; 12-18; 19-59 and >60). Data analysis was descriptive, numerical and percentage. Results: of the 297 studies, 258 referred to one or more age groups and 39 did not mention any age. Among the 258, the most frequent studies were children (138; 46.2%), followed by adults (122; 41.1%). The sample ranged in terms of median from 27 (adult) to 38 (children: 0-6 years) subjects. The Southeast region recorded the highest number of articles related to all cycles, as well as observational studies, especially those carried out with adults (98; 33.9%). Little mention was made of descriptors that identify life cycles (75; 6%), being elderly (25; 38%) and children (23; 35%) the most registered. Conclusion: the data show the urgency of aligning research with public health policies, as well as highlighting the importance of using appropriate descriptors for greater circulation of knowledge produced by the area. (AU)

Introducción: el ciclo de vida es considerado en la actualidad un elemento esencial para la formulación e implementación de políticas públicas basadas en la atención integral de la salud. Objetivo: analizar la producción científica de la Disturbios de la Comunicación de 2016 a 2020, teniendo como objeto de discusión publicaciones en el campo de la Logopedia por ciclos de vida. Método: estudio retrospectivo, con enfoque metodológico bibliométrico, se analizaron 297 artículos considerando las siguientes variables: año de publicación, registro de la región geográfica (del primer autor), descriptores, áreas temáticas, tipo de estudio y tamaño de la muestra, según grupos de edad (0-6; 7-11; 12-18; 19-59 y >60). El análisis de los datos fue descriptivo, numérico y porcentual. Resultados: de los 297 estudios, 258 se refirieron a uno o más grupos de edad y 39 no mencionaron ninguna edad. Entre los 258, los estudios más frecuentes fueron los niños (138; 46,2%), seguidos de los adultos (122; 41,1%). La muestra osciló en términos de mediana de 27 (adultos) a 38 (niños: 0-6 años) sujetos. La región Sudeste registró el mayor número de artículos relacionados con todos los ciclos, además de estudios observacionales, en especial los realizados con adultos (98; 33,9%). Se hizo poca mención de descriptores que identifican ciclos de vida (75; 6%), siendo ancianos (25; 38%) y niños (23; 35%) los más registrados. Conclusión: los datos muestran la urgencia de alinear la investigación con las políticas públicas de salud, además de resaltar la importancia de utilizar descriptores apropiados para una mayor circulación del conocimiento producido por el área. (AU)

Formulación de conclusiones de investigación

Este artículo trata sobre la metodología de formulación de las conclusiones de una investigación. De forma inicial, se distingue y descarta que los comentarios, las síntesis de resultados, la reiteración de datos y la descripción de las actividades realizadas no son propiamente conclusiones de una investigación. En segundo lugar, se define lo que constituyen las conclusiones, las condiciones, las actividades de formulación y la estructura que se sigue en su exposición. También se sugieren las actividades de evaluación de la investigación, así como la forma y los aspectos sobre los cuales realizar las recomendaciones respectivas en torno al estudio realizado.

This article deals with the methodology for formulating the conclusions of an investigation. Initially, it is distinguished and ruled out that the comments, the synthesis of results, the reiteration of data and the description of the activities carried out are not properly conclusions of an investigation. Secondly, it defines what constitutes the conclusions, the conditions, the formulation activities and the structure that is followed in their presentation. Research evaluation activities are also suggested, as well as the form and aspects on which to make the respective recommendations regarding the study carried out.

Este artigo trata da metodologia para formular as conclusões de uma investigação. Inicialmente, distingue-se e exclui-se que os comentários, a síntese de resultados, a reiteração de dados e a descrição das atividades realizadas não sejam propriamente conclusões de uma investigação. Em segundo lugar, define o que constituem as conclusões, as condições, as atividades de formulação e a estrutura que se segue na sua apresentação. São também sugeridas actividades de avaliação da investigação, bem como a forma e os aspectos sobre os quais fazer as respectivas recomendações relativamente ao estudo realizado.

Caminhos de um comitê de ética: 10 anos da Plataforma Brasil / Trajectory of an ethics commitee: 10 years of Plataforma Brasil / Trayectoria de un comité de ética: 10 años de la Plataforma Brasil

Resumo Esta pesquisa buscou traçar o perfil do Comitê de Ética da Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Ceará, nos 10 anos da Plataforma Brasil. Levantaram-se pesquisas realizadas entre 2012 e 2021, conforme atores ou processos, seguindo a análise descritiva. Houve prevalência feminina e do campo da saúde ou ciências biológicas, e pareceristas tiveram maior formação acadêmica, tempo de experiência e número de projetos em relação a pesquisadores. Das 2.295 pesquisas analisadas, houve flutuações temporais, com concentração de projetos anteriormente aprovados até 2015, finalizados em 2016 e em trâmite em 2021, com evidente diminuição em 2020 e 2021. Foram mais frequentes pesquisas originais de centros coordenadores, institucionais, brasileiras, autofinanciadas, sem área temática, com decisão ética favorável, em até três meses e tempo de fluxo reduzido entre quinquênios. Termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido e riscos destacaram-se como principais óbices éticos. Esse panorama valoriza a importância da plataforma para o progresso científico.

Abstract This study outlines the profile of the Ethics Committee of the Acaraú Valley State University, Ceará, Brazil, after 10 years of Plataforma Brasil. Bibliographic search surveyed research conducted between 2012 and 2021 according to actors and processes, following descriptive analysis. Results showed a prevalence of female researchers from the health or biological sciences field, and reviewers had a greater academic background, length of experience, and number of projects than researchers. Of the 2,295 studies analyzed, most were approved by 2015, completed in 2016 and under evaluation in 2021, with clear decrease in 2020 and 2021. Original research from national self-funded institutional coordinating centers without thematic area, with a favorable ethical opinion within three months, and reduced flow time between quinquennia stood out. Main ethical obstacles concerned the informed consent and risks. This overview highlights the importance of the platform for scientific progress.

Resumen Esta investigación rastreó el perfil del Comité de Ética de la Universidad Estadual Vale do Acaraú, Ceará, Brasil, en los 10 años de la Plataforma Brasil. Los estudios ocurrieron entre 2012 y 2021 según actores o procesos, siguiendo el análisis descriptivo. Predominaron mujeres del campo de la salud o las ciencias biológicas y, comparados con los investigadores, los árbitros tenían alto nivel de formación académica, mayor tiempo de experiencia y proyectos. En 2.295 estudios hubo fluctuaciones temporales, con concentración de proyectos aprobados hasta 2015, completados en 2016 y en curso en 2021, con disminución evidente entre 2020-2021. Los estudios más frecuentes provienen de los centros coordinadores, institucionales, brasileños, autoapoyados, sin área temática, con decisión ética favorable hasta tres meses y tiempo de flujo reducido entre quinquenios. El formulario de consentimiento y los riesgos fueron los principales obstáculos éticos. Este panorama valora la importancia de la plataforma al progreso científico.

Producción histórica de profesores de la Facultad de Salud de una universidad pública colombiana: análisis y recomendaciones

El propósito del estudio fue analizar la producción histórica de los profesores de tiempo completo de medicina, Enfermería, Odontología y Psicología, adscritos a la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta (Colombia). Para ello, se contabilizaron las publicaciones de los profesores de planta y ocasionales de cada programa. Se calculó el índice de producción (publicaciones/cantidad de profesores) y la cantidad mínima de profesores que concentran más del 50 % de la producción por programa. Asimismo, se determinó la distribución de la producción total (incluyendo los cuatro programas) y los cuartiles, los cuales sirven, no solo para observar la asimetría de producción, sino para una posible clasificación. Se encontró que la producción de los profesores fue superior a 1000. Los programas más productivos fueron: medicina (481), psicología (253), enfermería (166) y Odontología (148). Al corregir por el tamaño del cuerpo docente, Medicina y Psicología siguen liderando; Odontología se iguala a Enfermería. De los 73 profesores incluidos en el estudio, apenas 6 tienen una producción atípica (> 25) y concentra más del 50 % del total. De estos, cuatro tienen doctorado y tres son ocasionales (contrato a término fijo). Se concluye: i) el programa de enfermería es el de producción más uniforme; ii) programa de medicina es el de mayor producción, pero desigual y iii) más de la mitad de la producción se concentra en seis (8 %) docentes de tiempo completo. Se recomienda tomar acciones para uniformizar la producción, cualificando y motivando a los docentes con mayores dificultades.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the historical production of medical, nursing, dentistry and psychology teachers assigned to the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta (Colombia). For this purpose, the publications of the permanent and occasional professors of each program were counted. The productivity index (publications/number of professors) and the minimum number of professors with more than 50% of the productivity per program were calculated. Likewise, the distribution of total production (including the four programs) and the quartiles were determined, which serve not only to observe the asymmetry of productivity, but also for a possible classification. It was found that the productivity of the teachers is higher than 1000. The most productive programs were Medicine (481), Psychology (253), Nursing (166) and Dentistry (148). When correcting for faculty size, Medicine and Psychology continue to lead; Dentistry is equal to Nursing. Of the 73 professors included in the study, only 6 have an atypical production (> 25) and account for more than 50% of the total. Of these, four have doctorates and three are occasional (fixed-term contract). It is concluded: i) the nursing program has the most uniform productivity; ii) the medicine program has the highest productivity, but uneven; and iii) more than half of the production is concentrated in six (8%) full-time faculty members. It is recommended to take actions to standardize production, qualifying and motivating teachers with greater difficulties.

Guidelines for Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of digestive tract. In 2020， 1.93 million new cases of colorectal cancer were diagnosed globally， ranking third in the global incidence spectrum， and 930 000 new deaths were reported， ranking second in the global cause of death spectrum. Meanwhile， the medical cost of metastatic colorectal cancer is the highest among all stages. A large number of studies have demonstrated that traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） treatment can bring clinical benefits to patients with metastatic colorectal cancer with unique efficacy. In order to further standardize the TCM diagnosis and treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer and improve the level of TCM diagnosis and treatment， Xiyuan Hospital， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences， together with other relevant units in China， according to the guideline development process of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development and the relevant requirements of the Clinical Evidence Grading Criteria on TCM Based on Evidence Body， the Regulations for Group Standards of China Association of Chinese Medicine and others， combined with the characteristics of TCM diagnosis and treatment and the actual situation in China， the Guidelines for TCM Diagnosis and Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer was developed in accordance with the Catalogue of TCM Diagnosis and Treatment Plans for 105 Diseases in 24 Specialties issued by Department of Medical Administration of National Administration of TCM.

Assessment of the strength of recommendation and quality of evidence: GRADE checklist. A descriptive study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) is a tool for assessing evidence produced in synthesis reports. OBJECTIVES: To present the translation into Portuguese of the GRADE checklist, whose original version is in English, and to describe and explain each topic, in order to provide examples to researchers and professionals who will use the tool. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study developed at Centro Universitário Tiradentes, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. METHODS: This was a translation of the GRADE checklist, with the addition of the Risk Of Bias In Systematic Reviews (ROBIS) tool in the checklist, with examples of its use. RESULTS: Situations of practical use of the tool were presented in order to facilitate and expand the use of assessment of the quality and strength of evidence among Portuguese speakers. CONCLUSIONS: The GRADE checklist is valuable in helping to assess the strength and quality of evidence for synthesis reports for healthcare decision-making.

Estudios farmacoeconómicos en Cuba en los últimos 20 años / Pharmacoeconomic studies in Cuba in the last 20 years

Introducción: Cuba es un país con desarrollo en el área biotecnológica y de medicamentos, donde los estudios farmacoeconómicos aportan evidencia significativa para la toma de decisiones, principalmente en la actualidad que el país se encuentra inmerso en la Tarea ordenamiento y a la vez es afectado por la pandemia del nuevo coronavirus. Objetivo: Caracterizar los estudios farmacoeconómicos en Cuba en los últimos 20 años. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación bibliométrica para la que se recuperó la producción científica cubana sobre farmacoeconomía en la base de datos Scopus del periodo 2001-2020. Se utilizaron indicadores bibliométricos para obtener número de documentos, años de publicación, fuentes, colaboración, tipo y patrones de colaboración institucional y de países, así como coocurrencia de palabras clave. Resultados: Se recuperaron 648 documentos. El año más productivo fue 2010. Los documentos se publicaron en 273 revistas, 17 (6,2 por ciento) cubanas y 256 (93,8 por ciento) extranjeras. Hubo 449 (69,3 por ciento) documentos en colaboración institucional y 199 (30,7 por ciento) sin colaboración. Las instituciones más productivas fueron Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología 82 (12,7 por ciento) y Centro de Inmunología Molecular, 77 (11,9 por ciento). La red de colaboración entre países mostró tres áreas definidas, Latinoamérica, Norteamérica-Europa-India y España. Los temas más publicados fueron efectividad y seguridad de medicamentos, las vacunas y los relacionados con el cáncer. Conclusiones: Las publicaciones se caracterizaron por ser en colaboración, con ligero predominio de las nacionales sobre las internacionales. Es necesario ampliar la realización de evaluaciones económicas completas(AU)

Introduction: Cuba is a country with development in the biotechnology and medicines field, where pharmacoeconomic studies provide significant evidence for decision-making; mainly at present when the country is immersed in the Task of Ordering and at the same time is affected by the pandemic of the new coronavirus. Objective: Characterize pharmacoeconomic studies in Cuba in the last 20 years. Methods: A bibliometric research was carried out for which the Cuban scientific production on pharmacoeconomics was recovered in the Scopus database for the period 2001-2020. Bibliometric indicators were used to obtain the number of documents, years of publication, sources, collaboration, type and patterns of institutional and country collaboration, as well as co-occurrence of keywords. Results: 648 documents were retrieved. The most productive year was 2010. The documents were published in 273 journals, 17 (6.2percent) Cuban ones and 256 (93.8percent) foreign. There were 449 documents (69.3percent) in institutional collaboration and 199 (30.7percent) without collaboration. The most productive institutions were the Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology with 82 (12.7percent) and the Center of Molecular Immunology, with 77 (11.9percent). The collaboration network between countries showed three defined areas: Latin America, North America-Europe-India and Spain. The most published topics were effectiveness and safety of drugs, vaccines, and those related to cancer. Conclusions: The publications were characterized by being collaborative, with a slight predominance of national over international ones. Comprehensive economic assessments need to be expanded(AU)

Métricas de impacto y evaluación de la ciencia / Impact metrics and science evaluation

RESUMEN Los científicos siempre buscaron formas de evaluar los resultados de las investigaciones para reconocer y premiar sus esfuerzos, y para apoyar decisiones en programas y políticas públicas. Las medidas o métricas de impacto de la ciencia se transformaron, en las últimas décadas, en el motor propulsor del ambiente académico. Investigadores, revistas científicas, bases de datos y casas editoriales, instituciones de investigación y agencias de financiación tienen su trabajo gobernado por el impacto de la investigación que producen, publican, indexan, promueven y financian. Se utilizan largamente indicadores bibliométricos para la evaluación de la producción científica, a pesar de la falta de relación inequívoca entre citas y calidad, impacto o mérito científico. Además, cuando se considera la innovación, característica inherente de la investigación científica, la relación es todavía más desconectada. En este artículo se describen los tipos principales de métricas utilizadas para evaluar la producción científica, sus características, potenciales y limitaciones.

ABSTRACT Scientists have always looked for ways to evaluate research results to recognize and reward their efforts, and to support decisions regarding programs and public policies. The metrics of scientific impact have become, in recent decades, the driving force behind the academic environment. The work of researchers, scientific journals, databases and publishers, research institutions, and funding agencies is driven by the impact of the research they produce, publish, index, promote and finance. Bibliometric indicators are widely used for the evaluation of scientific output, despite the lack of a clear relationship between citations and quality, impact, or scientific merit. Furthermore, the relationship is even less evident regarding innovation, which is an inherent characteristic of scientific research. This article describes the main types of metrics used to evaluate scientific output, as well as its features, potentials, and limitations.

An empirical study on the evaluation system of hospital scientific research based on principal component analysis / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To construct a scientific research evaluation model through principal component analysis, and to explore scientific research evaluation methods for hospitals.Methods:The professional title, educational background, positions and scientific research output information of the scientific research personnel in the First Hospital of Jilin University from 2019 to 2020 were collected. Delphi expert consultation was used to determine the assignment value of each variable, and use SPSS 21.0 software was used to build the principal component analysis model and conduct model verification.Results:The study collected a total of 1 882 researchers′ information. The KMO value of the validity test and the Bartlett sphere test meet the requirements of principal component analysis (KMO=0.731, P<0.05); the model obtained a total of 7 principal components. Among them, principal component 1 represents researchers who published SCI papers, applying for national, provincial and ministerial level scientific research projects, and their part-time positions in academic societies. The second principal component represents the status of applying for patents and publications, and the third principal component represents the status of the awards. The scores of scientific research output of researchers were summarized and sorted according to disciplines, according to which the neurology, endocrinology and metabolism, neurosurgery, general surgery and orthopedics ranked better. The model verification results found that researchers with senior professional titles and doctoral degrees had the highest median weighted comprehensive score( P<0.05), suggesting that scholars with higher professional title levels and higher education received higher comprehensive scientific research output scores. Conclusions:The scientific research evaluation model constructed by this study can provide scientific data reference for the hospital scientific research evaluation.

Publications analysis of major medical institutions in China indexed in PubMed from 2019 to 2021 / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:To understand the development trend of scientific research in major medical institutions in China from 2019 to 2021.Methods:The PubMedplus database was searched, and the distribution of papers, published journals and its′ influencing factors (IF) of top 30 domestic medical institutions from 2019 to 2021 were statistically analyzed.Results:From 2019 to 2021, 84 405 PubMed papers were published by the top 30 medical institutions, including 79 459 papers in English, accounted for 94.14%, and 4 946 papers in Chinese, accounted for 5.86%. Of them, 22 447, 29 540 and 32 430 papers were published in 2019, 2020 and 2021. 75 240 papers in English were indexed by SCI database (89.14% of total English papers). 17 729 papers (accounted for 21.00%) were published by the top 27 journals, Frontier in Oncology ranks first. 4 400 papers (5.85% of total) were published by the journals of impact factors greater than 10. The biggest portion of the papers, 26 550 papers (35.29% of total) were published by the journals of impactor factor from 3 to 5. Conclusions:The quantity and quality of papers published by major medical institutions in China have been greatly improved each year. The progress level of medical institutions is different, and their advantageous disciplines of medical institutions have been well reflected.

Deficiencias en las tesis de grado de los residentes

Introducción: La tesis de grado es una investigación que se presenta en medicina como trabajo de terminación para optar por una especialidad. Es frecuente observar dificultades en los informes finales que se presentan para su evaluación, lo que constituye una preocupación. Objetivo: Señalar las deficiencias de los informes finales de las tesis de grado de los residentes de Medicina General Integral del municipio Guáimaro durante el quinquenio 2016-2021. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cualitativo descriptivo a través de la revisión documental del informe final de las tesis de los residentes del municipio Guáimaro en el quinquenio 2016-2021. El universo quedó conformado por la totalidad de los informes finales de la tesis de los residentes que se presentaron en la predenfensa. La información se recolectó en un formulario de recogida de datos donde se listaron aspectos propios del informe de investigación. Resultados: El análisis de los informes finales de las tesis mostraron deficiencias en el título, el planteamiento y la formulación del problema de investigación, los objetivos generales y específicos, clasificación de los estudios, definición del universo y la muestra, operacionalización de variables, discusión de los resultados y en las conclusiones. Conclusiones: Los resultados evidencian que persisten deficiencias en muchos aspectos de los informes finales de la tesis, las sugerencias metodológicas realizadas pueden servir a los docentes que asesoran la formación académica y a los propios investigadores en su actividad científica.

Introduction: The grade thesis is a research work that is presented in medicine as a completion work to opt for a specialty. Difficulties are often observed in the final reports that are submitted for evaluation, which is a concern. Objective: To show the deficiencies of the final reports of the degree thesis of the residents of the Guáimaro municipality during a five-year period 2016-2021. Methods: A qualitative study was carried out with the purpose of identifying the committed deficiencies through a documental review of the grade thesis´ final reports of the residents of from the municipality of Guáimaro, between the school years 2016 and 2021.The universe was made up of all the final reports of the thesis of the residents who were presented in the pre-defense. For collecting the primary information, a collection sheet was elaborated listing items that are proper of the research reports. Results: The analysis of the final reports of the thesis showed deficiencies in the title, the approach and the formulation of the research problem, the general and specific objectives, classification of the studies, definition of the universe and the sample, operationalization of variables, discussion of the results and conclusions. Conclusions: The results show that deficiencies persist in many aspects of the final reports of the thesis, the methodological suggestions made can serve the teachers who advise the academic training and the researchers themselves in their scientific activity.

Intervención educativa sobre bajo peso al nacer en gestantes

Introducción: La intervención del bajo peso al nacer constituye una prioridad de la salud pública a escala mundial y un poderoso instrumento para la reducción de la mortalidad infantil. Objetivo: Evaluar una estrategia de intervención educativa para reducir el bajo peso al nacer en el Policlínico Guillermo Tejas Silva de la provincia Las Tunas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuasi experimental de intervención educativa, sobre el bajo peso al nacer en gestantes del primer trimestre con riesgo pertenecientes al Policlínico Guillermo Tejas Silva, en el período de febrero de 2020 a febrero de 2021. El universo estuvo conformado por 72 gestantes del cual se seleccionó una muestra de 60. Se aplicó un programa educativo mediante círculos de cultura compuesto por siete sesiones de trabajo. Se empleó como medida de resumen para variables cualitativas el porcentaje y para la validación estadística de los cambios antes y después de aplicada la intervención se utilizó la prueba de Mc Nemar. Resultados: Con la aplicación de la estrategia de intervención se alcanza un nivel de conocimientos de un 94,01 %. Elevan los conocimientos 58 gestantes y en 48 Items de los 50 se emiten respuestas correctas. Conclusiones: La estrategia de intervención educativa mediante círculos de cultura permitió mejorar el conocimiento de las gestantes sobre los riesgos del bajo peso al nacer así como la participación en la construcción de su propia salud.

Introduction: The intervention of low birth weight (LBW) is a public health priority worldwide and a powerful instrument for reducing infant mortality. Objective: To evaluate an educational intervention strategy to reduce low birth weight at the Guillermo Tejas Silva Polyclinic in Las Tunas province. Methods: A quasi-experimental study of educational intervention was carried out on low birth weight in pregnant women in the first trimester at risk belonging to the Guillermo Tejas Silva Polyclinic, from February 2020 to February 2021. The universe consisted of 72 pregnant women from which a sample of 60 was selected. An educational program was applied through culture circles consisting of seven work sessions. The percentage was used as a summary measure for qualitative variables and for the statistical validation of the changes before and after the intervention was applied, the McNemar test was used. Results: With the application of the intervention strategy, a level of knowledge of 94.01 % is reached. 58 (96.6 %) pregnant women raise their knowledge and in 48 Items of the 50 (96 %) correct answers are issued. Conclusions: The educational intervention strategy through culture circles allowed to improve the knowledge of pregnant women about the risks of low birth weight as well as their participation in the construction of their own health.

Agrotóxicos, desfechos em saúde e agroecologia no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo / Pesticides, health outcomes and agroecology in Brazil: a scope review

RESUMO A presente revisão de escopo objetivou evidenciar o perfil das pesquisas brasileiras que investigam os desfechos em saúde ocasionados pela exposição a agrotóxicos, procurando entender os principais achados, tais como metodologia empregada, tipo de substância, desfechos em saúde, locais investigados, sugestões de ações e diálogo com a agroecologia. Foi utilizada a metodologia 'scoping review', seguindo o modelo Prisma-ScR. Entre os 83 artigos encontrados, 61 estudaram os/as agricultores/as e 22 estudaram outros grupos populacionais. Houve predomínio de estudos primários e quantitativos, seguidos por revisões sistemáticas. Do total, 79 encontraram desfechos, com destaque aos danos hematológicos e genéticos, em sua maior parte causados pela intoxicação por mais de 1 agrotóxico. O maior número de estudos foi realizado na região Sul, seguida das regiões Sudeste, Nordeste, Centro-Oeste e Norte. Apenas uma pesquisa sugeriu a transição agroecológica enquanto solução para a problemática. Conclui-se que, perante um cenário de crescimento do uso de agrotóxicos, fazem-se urgentes proposições de ações intersetoriais e que não envolvam somente educação em saúde ou o setor saúde de forma isolada, como sugere a maioria dos artigos, sendo necessária a articulação entre setores ligados à agricultura, abastecimento, educação, saúde e meio-ambiente.

ABSTRACT The present scope review aimed to highlight the profile of Brazilian research that investigates health outcomes caused by exposure to pesticides, seeking to understand the main findings, such as methodology used, type of substance, health outcomes, investigated locations, suggested actions, and dialogue with agroecology. The scoping review methodology was used, following the Prisma-ScR model. Among the 83 articles found in the review, 61 studied farmers and 22 studied other population groups. There was a predominance of primary and quantitative studies, followed by systematic reviews. Of the total, 79 articles found outcomes, with emphasis on hematological and genetic damage, mostly caused by poisoning by more than 1 pesticide. The largest number of studies were carried out in the South, followed by the Southeast, Northeast, Midwest, and North. Only 1 survey suggested the agroecological transition as a solution to the problem. It is concluded that, faced with a scenario of growth in the use of pesticides, it is urgent to have proposals for intersectoral actions and that do not involve only health education or the health sector in isolation, as most articles suggest, requiring articulation between sectors related to agriculture, supply, education, health, and the environment.

Evaluation of subjective vertical perception among stroke patients: a systematic review / Avaliação da percepção vertical subjetiva em pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract Background: Verticality misperception is relatively common among patients after stroke, and it may be evaluated in terms of (a) subjective visual vertical (SVV), (b) subjective haptic vertical (SHV) and (c) subjective postural vertical (SPV). To better understand these assessment methods, we conducted a systematic review of the methodological characteristics of different protocols for evaluating SVV, SHV and SPV among individuals after stroke. Objective: To standardize the methodological characteristics of protocols for evaluating verticality perception after stroke. Methods: We searched the following databases: PUBMED, regional BVS portal (MEDLINE, LILACS, IBECS, CUBMED, Psychology Index and LIS), CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library and PEDro. Two review authors independently used the QUADAS method (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) and extracted data. Results: We included 21 studies in the review: most (80.9%) used SVV, eight (38.1%) used SPV and four (19.0%) used SHV. We observed high variability in assessments of verticality perception, due to patient positions, devices used, numbers of repetitions and angle of inclination for starting the tests. Conclusion: This systematic review was one of the first to explore all the methods of assessing verticality perception after stroke, and it provides crucial information on how to perform the tests, in order to guide future researchers/clinicians.

Resumo Antecedentes: A percepção errônea da verticalidade é relativamente comum em pacientes após Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) e pode ser avaliada pelas: (a) vertical visual subjetiva (SVV), (b) vertical háptica subjetiva (SVH) e (c) vertical postural subjetiva (SPV). Para melhor compreender esses métodos de avaliação, realizamos uma revisão sistemática das características metodológicas de diferentes protocolos para avaliações de SVV, SHV e SVP em indivíduos após AVC. Objetivo: Padronizar as características metodológicas de protocolos de avaliação da verticalidade após AVC. Métodos: Foi realizada busca nas bases de dados PUBMED, Portal Regional da BVS (MEDLINE, LILACS, IBECS, CUBMED, Psychology Index, LIS), CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Science Direct, Biblioteca Cochrane e PEDro. Dois revisores avaliaram independentemente o QUADAS (Avaliação da Qualidade dos Estudos de Precisão de Diagnóstico) e extraíram os resultados. Resultados: Foram incluídos 21 estudos: a maioria (80,9%) utilizando a SVV, oito (38,1%) a SPV e quatro (19,0%) a SHV. Observou-se grande variabilidade na avaliação da verticalidade, devido às posições dos pacientes, dispositivos utilizados, número de repetições e ângulo de inclinação para iniciar os testes. Conclusão: Esta revisão sistemática é uma das primeiras a explorar todos os métodos de avaliação da verticalidade após o AVC e fornece informações cruciais sobre como realizar os testes para orientar os futuros pesquisadores e clínicos.